Sky VS BBC Report

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Within this report I am going to be writing about the difference between PSB and commercial broadcasting. I will be explaining the differences and similarities in their structure and within the ownership of each company, for example I will be writing about both BBC and Sky. 

Public service broadcasting's aim is to benefit the public by entertaining it's audience, education and by informing the public with local news or television programmes that have been made around their local area such as Panorama.  A great example for PSB would be the BBC as their mission statement is to 'Enrich people's lives with programmes and services that inform, educate and entertain'.
This form of television isn't made to create a profit for the television company itself, it is a national service which is free and available to all members of the public as this is a source which is funded by the government. The funds are then made from a household for when a person is to pay for their TV licence this money will then go straight to the government, as it a publicly based format this means that there be no adverts placed in between each programme. This is now causing the public to be their own source of television providers as they are able to send in complaint to the BBC if they are not impressed with what they are watching and also give out feedback to be able to improve a show or even idea, as the public are given a say as it is a public service broadcaster.

The BBC is a cross media institution, which means that the company is there to self promote as it is unable to commercialise by using advertisements between each programme the BBC promote themselves in other directions within the media such as selling DVD's of a programme that they have released on television, as they are it's own developer and they produce all of their own programmes and films they are able to sell their product within retail as they have not bought their product by other companies, this comes to an advantage for PSB compared to commercial broadcasting. The BBC also have their own website where they will tell their audience about the news of the world and the weather forecast as they cover all areas of media including Radio. The BBC had first started off within radio to then progress to where they are now being able to develop the minds of the public further by going through television. 

Commercial broadcasting is usually television or radio based which would be privately owned and would have the majority of it's findings made though advertisements within the channels that they provide, an example for this would be Sky which is run by the Murdock family. Commercial broadcasting aims make as much money as they can to create a profit for their company in the long run rather than thinking about what would benefit the audience's needs first, they keep the public interested into their products by creating gimmicks so that they are then able to keep apart of the 'Bigger Picture'. Sky gains it's profits by having a subscription for each person that joins the conglomerate company as they are a conglomerate company they will have many other small companies within that one big company which is helping the customer be able to watch all the channels which are provided. As they are out for the money they create packages for people to buy by creating restrictions on what a person would be able to watch for example Sky would have a package for Sky sports users as they have full control over all the sports rights within the UK causing people paying out extra for a full package this would be an advantage for Sky as they would be able to gain more of a profit out of their audience as people who won't earn as much would have to stick for a such more simpiliar package which would create a smaller amount of people using the product and would stay with a PSB.

As Sky is a conglomerate company you would find that there are many more companies which would be jointed in collecting parts of the profit which would be made. For example Sky is particular owned by 21st Century Fox causing Sky to have a greater deal within its subscribers. Within this company it has many other little arms which would be spread out in different sectors covering media such as broadband, films as if you would want to watch Sky movies you would have to pay a subscription fees, also they provide their audience with a website where people are able to connect to Sky using any of their devices within a household, for instance if they was to watch a programme that they had missed on television they would then watch it on catch up on a Tablet, this is a very similar technique that the BBC have also used. 

Reflection- Multi media production

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When completing a multi camera production I took part with filming and directing a Hairspray production which was placed within the performing arts of college. Before we were able to starting filming the production as a team we set out all of the equipment in the drama studio with organising when all the cameras to be placed as the room was only small so we had only had a limited amount of space to work with. At the back of the room we had set up five different television screens and a Mac. Each television screen had been linked up to a cameras so that the fifth television screen was able to show the chosen film to been shown once it was mixed together and put onto a DVD. To do so we had also set up a vision mixer and cables which ran through from one side of the room to the other. By using our equipment list which had made when planning out the whole production we were able to set up everything safely looking out for safety hazards so that their were no trouble when it came to filming and putting no person into any harms way. 

As we started preparing for the production very early in the day we were able to sit down and watch the rehearsal so we could note down who was on stage and where when it came round to filming the musical. This helped massively when it came round to filming as a few of us were more prepared and were able to help each other out and organise the cameras and where they should be placed so that we were able to getting the right timings.

Before filming anything we were all assigned job roles throughout the day. We were all given two different roles, for example my job roles were camera operator and director. As we had two roles this meant swapping round when it came to half way in the showing. Within my role of camera operator I was assigned camera four which I was also given a headset so I was able to listen to the directors orders and where the camera should be facing and whether or not the lens needed to zoom in or out.

With my role as director which I had taken over in the second part of the musical I had to work along side the vision mixer as I was the person who decided on what shots were to be used, the vision mixer was then given the main screen to look at so they were able to see what screen was being shown. We communicated through number as each camera was given a number. With this role I was also given a mic so I was able to talk to the camera operators and tell them where they needed to be positioned and whether or not I wanted them to zoom in on a character. This was a very stressful job as when I was using a shot that a camera had on the main screen, the camera operator would sometimes move the image as there was not much communication between each jobs as only the director had a mic and there were no communication back.

Once the production was filmed it was then time to pack everything back up to take back up to the media room, we did this by working as a team and making sure we were all organised and safety procedures were taken place so that there were no hazards. 

Paper Work

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Recce Sheet

Risk Assessment

Production Set out

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When planning out a production we had to create a production set out for where everything will be placed and what equipment that will be used when filming the production.

Equipment List

• 1X Microphone
• 1X Boom Pole
• 1x Long mic cable
• 4X Cameras
• 4X Tripods
• 4X Batteries
• 4X Chargers
• 1X Vision mixer
• 4 X Firewire cables
• 5X Monitors
• 1X Mac (Back up)
• 1X DVD player 
• 1X Talk back system (Directors position)
• Cable Basher
• Duck tape
• Spare fuses
• Tapes (Back up)
• 5X Headphones (Camera operators and Floor mangers use)
• 5X Receivers 

Production Roles

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Director
Sophie Masterman
Rachel Barlow
Shaf Islam
Conor Whelan

Floor Manager
Mike Blair
Joe Dootson
Andrew Clements
Iana Surch

Vision Mixer
Haydn Hamilton
Danielle Wood
Shaf Islam
Andy Goodwin

Camera Operator
Sophie Masterman
Rachel Barlow
Manish Mistry
Iana Surch
Cindy Delgado
Danielle Wood
Andy Goodwin
Megan Duffield
Mike Blair
Conor Whelan
Andrew Clements
Haydn Hamilton
Joe Dootson

Employment opportunities within Media

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Full Time 

When working full time within the media industry this would mean that someone would be binded to a contract where they would have a job within a long term production maybe within television or a film company. An example of this would be companies such as BBC and ITV, as you might have a full time job as a researcher for the company to gather up new ideas and exploratory these ideas so that you would be ready to bring them to the table so that a new series would be developed. People that would be found with a full time job within a company like this wold usually be found with experience within the industry as the could have started off by doing volunteer work for the company and had move up the ladder. Other job roles which would be found within the media industry would be Directing, Producing, editing as these are much more higher jobs within the industry these kind of job will require experience. A good way to find yourself within the industry is to show off your talents to people that have already got jobs in these companies as a great way to land yourself a job would be word of mouth as if someone with a high end job shares your talents with other people, you would end up with more advantages. Another way would be to contact the company yourself, maybe through email show them how why the company should choose you to be part of their team as employment love to see passion within people.

Part Time

Within the media industry you will fin that there will be both full time roles and part time roles. A part time role within the form of career you will find that there will be less hours need within the job itself as this person may only be doing the small jobs within the company. An example of this would be jobs such as runners, as this job maintains the person to help the higher end jobs out to make tings easier, for example if this job was within Television and it was on a chat show the runner would be the person that would talk to the guests which are appearing on the programme to help them feel more settled when the cameras are rolling and the production was on air. This job would be part time as they would have to share this job will man more people within the production crew for this it would form less hours within the set. If a person was to look for a position like this the employer would be look for someone that is always on their toes with new ideas so they would have to have a creative steak down them. This person would also have to be organised with great time keeping skills as the industry is a very fast pasting work of place and if the person was unorganized this could cause the production to run much slower and might even miss it's deadlines. To find a part time job within the media industry it is very similar as when finding a full time job, as this industry works around word of mouth and name play. Employment look for experience so with this you need to make sure that your CV is up to date with all you past roles that you have taken place.

Free Lance

When working as a free lancer in the media industry you will find these kind of roles within Photography taking photographs for articles such as magazines if you have captured an interesting story which could by spiraled by your photograph. You could also sell photography by trying to sell a lifestyle to someone, showing your audience how they want to be living before they even know. By doing this the free lancer would sell their work off to bigger companies for example a life style could be found within a car or a home. Another Free lancing job would be within film as you would be able to use single camera to film a wedding for example, this is where you will be your own boss as you've employed yourself to create a production. By doing so this person will need to be organised and creative as they will need to stand out from others when they are selling their stuff against bigger  well known companies. A much more common job within freelance would be journalism, within this job you will need to creative as this person will not be working for a newspaper as such they would have to find detail interesting story to sell on to newspapers such as The Sun.

Shift Work

When having with shift work within the industry this would usually be for a 24 hour broadcaster. This means that someone that will have a job in a television production or in radio broadcasting when recording something that would be continuous throughout the day for instance Radio One with the BBC, someone that would be working by shift would be given shifts for when to work within a production day. An example of this would be if you was to work 9am- 5pm shift, these shifts can differentiate from working during the day or working at the night. 

Voluntary

When volunteering within the media industry it is just like anywhere when volunteering, this job role is usually used to gain work experience. Volunteering in the media industry is a great way for someone to achieve their life goals into doing something that they really inspire doing. As this form of work help someone to gain experience this will in the run when climbing up the career ladder in the industry. This job requires someone to do all the jobs that the people in higher situations do not want to do such as keeping on track with information and reminding the production team with schedules, this job is usually a runner role in a production team. 

Piece Work

When using piece work within the media industry this is where someone would be paid as a whole for a project instead of having an hourly pay. This form of work can be found in two different way, for example a broadcasting company could ask whether you would create a piece for them such as a script for a film or a new television programme as this would be part of a commission. You would only find commission work if the past job experience has become well known for the company such as word of mouth or if they have seen exquisite work that has been produced. Another way how someone would come across a job like this would be if you were to create a pitch to a company for an idea that you have created, in this direction you need to have key skills within creativity as you will be trying to sell yourself and your product to a buyer. This product will need to look like nothing of the sort that the buyer has seen before, this would cause you to have a higher changing in selling the pitch.

Preparing for the industry

When preparing yourself for when entering the media industry a person would have to look into the different qualifications with are need of said jobs, for example if the job was to be an film editor a great way to achieve this would be to go to university to study Film production as you will be able to learn about all the different forms of film and will be given tasks to complete which will be more hands on at a degree level when developing your won production. This would be very useful in the later years when applying for a job in the industry as it will give you more of an advantage compared to others who have chosen a different route. With all grades that a person will receive, these should be wrote down within a CV. A CV is a document which is used to show an employer the skill that such person would have gain through expedience with all of their qualifications included. Another that that a person should have to help them make their way up the ladder within the industry would be references, these are people that will be able to tell the employer about you work ethic and whether or not you are able to work in a team. This person would also be used to confirm history and the grades which have been achieved such as GCSE grades to see if a person have passed with C or above in Maths and English. There will be other grades that would need to be accomplished within colleges and sixth forms, whether or not it's in A-Levels of a BTEC Diploma. 

Applying for a job

When a person is to apply for a job within the media industry the employer with be looking for professionalism with a person. This means that the employer will be looking out if someone is punctual for an interview, this is so that can see if you will be to hit deadlines without an issue. When turning up to an interview a person need to show enthusiasm towards the company and spread the knowledge so that it looks to show that you have done your research with a positive can do attitude.

News magazine analysis

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Within this report I will be writing about the different techniques that have been used throughout a news magazine production when  using multi camera. For example I am going to be writing about the reasons why multi camera is used when filming a news magazine production and action coverage which is taken place and the visual effect that have been shown. I am also going to be writing about the communication throughout the production and how they maintain the viewers interest. Finally I will discuss the constrains when filming within a studio. 

The reasons of using a multi camera production when filming a news magazine production would be the way how they are able to set out four cameras within the studio which will be able to be placed safely without causing any hazards. These camera would be able to cover every angle of the studio as it will only be a small setting. This is usually around a setting of tables and couches to give a more homely feel towards the audience back at home. This footage would then be edited live within a gallery would be placed away from the studio setting and within another room where the production team will be able to watch over the action which is taking place. An example of this that I have used is the television programme This morning as they show a typical studio event with the four camera set up. 

The shot which would be used when filming production like this would be close ups of the presenters when they are talking so that people back at home will be able to witness and gather a full feel of the information which is being told my the presenter as it is both informative and entertaining for it's audience. They would also have another camera set up on the guest speaker so that the public are able to see who it talking and see what they have to say, for example in the video that I have used they have used two guest speaker as the topic is able whether over weight people should be able to work without being judged. They would also have another camera which would cover a wide shot of the set with both presenters and guest within the image. Multi camera production uses this technique as there is a debate between everyone within the studio the camera would b able to capture everything. Also they use this camera for when the director back in the gallery is informing the vision mixer which shot they would prefer to use on the main screen.

The visual style which has been used within this form of production would be bright colourful colours such as pink as this form of production cater for female more than male as female population is more interested in the information which is being told as it is more gossipy rather than informative. This maintains it's audience by showing visual graphics on the screen at the bottom to inform it's told isn't hard core news and is aiming for the working class interest. 

The communication of meaning which has been used for the viewers needs would be the way how they use the presenters to talk straight at the camera at the beginning of the debate to inform the public what they will be watch and what will be happening and the topic for what the production will be able, this is so that the audience is informed and will not be confused when the discussion between each guest. They also use visual graphic on the screen to tell the public that they can be part of this debate if they go onto social sites such as Twitter and their opinion might be chosen to be put on screen for the audience to be seen. This form of production also uses the presenter to end the programme by creating a conclusion of the discussion. 

The constraint of which this form of production need to take place when filming within a studio would be the ethical and legal restriction within a production as they would have to stay objection with the discuss to keep and open mind without showing sign of being biased and discrimination. As this could offend the audience in a ethical way from being either racial or showing sexism. Other constraints wold be legal issues as they have guests speaking on the production they would have to think about Actor release forms so that when they broadcast the production on television they will be no restrictions and problems which might lead them to court if not taken seriously.